Tuesday, March 29, 2011

Understanding Intelligence 30pt Project Chandra and Emily

Intelligence
What is Intelligence?
Intelligence is an individual’s basic learning by problem solving, adapting to new things, and learning from past experiences
Many schools using intelligence tests to measure ones’ mental aptitude
            -Other forms of intelligence tests are Stanford-Binet, IQ, and the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale
Achievement tests assess what a person has learned and aptitude test predict a person future
Examples of aptitude tests are SAT’s or ACT’s
Examples of achievement test are LSAT’s or MCAT’s

Important People
Howard Gardner
            -views intelligence as multiple abilities that come in packages
Ex. Logical is to Albert Einstein as Intrapersonal is to Sigmund Freud as to Interpersonal is to Ghandi
Robert Sternberg
            -more success than traditional intelligence
Analytical-being able to take apart problems and being able to see solutions not often seen (solving problems in unique ways)
Creative-how well a task is performed with regard to how familiar it is
Practical-when one makes a change within oneself in order to better adjust to one’s surroundings (when the weather changes, putting clothes on that adapt to that temperature)
5 Components of Creativity
Expertise- the more blocks we have, the more chances we have to combine them in novel ways
Imaginative Thinking Skills- ability to see thing in novel ways and make connections
Venturesome Personality- Perseveres in overcoming obstacles
Intrinsic Motivation- being driven by interest, satisfaction, and challenge than by external pressures
Creative Environment- refines creative ideas
Disorders
Savant syndrome- limited in mental ability but has a specific skill (Derek Paravincini)
            Mental Retardation- limits mental and sometimes physical ability
Down syndrome- condition of retardation that has an extra copy of chromosome 21
Standard ---à there’s a baseline (normed test)
Reliable -à taking the same or similar test and get the same or close score.
Validity --àmeasuring what it is supposed to measure. (tests)
Gender Similarities and Differences
Males and females both shared the same average for the intelligence score
Females are better spellers, verbal ability, non verbal memory, sensation, and emotion detectors
Females and males contain identical math aptitude scores

                                                                                                        

Monday, March 28, 2011

Savant Syndrome

Savant syndrome is a condition in which a person is limited in mental ability but has an exceptional specific skill, such as in computation or drawing. A big example of this is Derek Paravicini. Derek was born prematurely at 25 weeks, who was also born with mental disabilities and blindness. Derek suffers from dressing himself, speaking, and even tieing is own shoes. But when it comes to playing the piano he is a genious and musical whiz. He was able to hear any song and play it with perfection on the piano, including mozart. Later on Derek began preforming concerts infront of thousands and even for Princess Diana. He was featured on Stan Les's Superhumans where his savantism and superhuman music ability was shared.

Thursday, March 10, 2011

The Woman Who Can't Forget

Jill Price is 43 and has spent most of her life here in Los Angeles, and she remembers everything. Price can remember anything from what she was wearing, her emotions, or discussions she had with someone as quick as a snap of a finger. Scientist say finding a human being with memory that works with the precision of a computer would be like finding someone with bones made of steel.The difference is that she scans her past relentlessly. Every time a human thinks of something we get better at remembering it. Price has spent her whole life ruminating on the past, constructing timelines and lists, and figuring the connections between one February 19 and the next. Dates and memories are her constant companions, and as a result she's really good at remembering her past

Why We Need Sleep

We don't fully understand the importance of sleep and why we need it. Sleep is the time when our body does most of its repair work. Muscle tissue is rebuilt and restored. Also sleep is very important for our growth. While we sleep our growth hormone is secreated which enables our bodys tissue to grow and become strong. Our body is like a car. Every once in a while a car needs a tune up or check up. Not getting its oil changed may cause ur car to not run as smoothly as it did before. By not getting our sleep enables our mind to not clearly think as well as before. Sleep has big affects on our personalities and our sense of humor. We may become irritable and less tolerant. Sometimes you will notice that not having enough sleep makes you ornary to small things compared to the way you may act with enough sleep.

7 Sins of Memory

The seven sins of memory include absent mindness, transcience, blocking, misattribution, suggestibility, and bias. Here are examples and situations of all 7.

Absent Mindness is inattetion to details which lead to encoding failure. A situation of this is misplacing keys. Everyday i always place my keys on my kitchen table. One day when i was in a rush to leave (my friend picked me up so i didnt drive) i set my keys down on an end table in the living room. Since i was in a rush i did not encode that i put my keys in a new place. The next day when i went to school i forgot where i placed my keys.

Transcience is storage decay over time. In this situation it would be like  learning information in a previous chapter of a text book. After periods of time you try to remember what all the information that certain chapter contained, and struggle to reunderstand what it is you learned.

Blocking is unable to access stored info. An example of this is meeting a new person and seeing the person a different time and unable to put a name to that persons face you previously met.

Misattribution is confusing the source of information. This situation would be like mistaking from hearing a story from a friend when you really heard the story by reading it from an article or newspaper.

Suggestibility is linger effects of misinformation. An example is if someone asked "Did Bobby push you?" and later the child realizes it was a false memory.

Bias is belief colored recollections. An example of this would be a freind recalling a certain feeling that you have for them such as happiness or excitement.

Persistence is unwanted memories. A situation of this is having nightmares of sharks everytime you go to bed and wanting them to go away.

Tuesday, March 8, 2011

Blog Post #7 Bobo Doll Experiment

The bobo doll experiment is an experiment created by Albert Bandura. The parent of the child is taken to a room that has objects placed in the room, including the bobo doll. The parent purposely beats up the bobo doll knowing that the child is watching. Then the child is taken to the same room and portrays the same behavior by beating up the bobo doll just as their parents did. By having the children watch their parents, they learned to anticipate a behaviors consequences in situations like those we are observing. Children especially immitate people who percieve as similiar to them, as successful, and as admirable.

For example when getting into an argument with your parents they may use words or comebacks like "because i said so" or "because i know better". Having a child as be aware or hearing these comebacks will most likey use the same comebacks or words on their parents. In this example the children are immitating their parents behavior.

Wednesday, March 2, 2011

Blog Post #6 Classical Conditioning

Ivan Pavlov discoverd classical condtioning. Classical conditionening is a type of learning in which one learns to link two or more stimuli to anticapted events. An example of classsical conditioning is ringing a bell and emediately have a dog salvitate. Before conditioning, when you offer food to a dog it will immediately start to salvitate, but when you ring a bell it will do nothing in response. During conditioning, you will ring a bell everytime before you serve the dog food. Ater conditioning, everytime you ring the bell the dog will immediately start to salvitate. In this experiment the (US) is the food in the mouth and the (UR) is the salvitation. The tone then becomes the neutral stimulus. After conditioning, the (CR) becomes the learned response or the bell tone and the (CS) is the salvitation which is triggered by the food.